Technical guide · 2026-08-03

Brass

Brasses are copper-zinc alloys spanning ductile cartridge brasses, free-machining grades, naval brasses and many cast families. Zinc level and additions such as lead, tin, aluminum or arsenic change forming, machining, strength and corrosion behavior, so the historical word “brass” is not a purchase specification.

01

Definition and boundary

Use exact UNS identity and wrought/cast product form; traditional family names alone are too broad for substitution or acceptance.

Reference information only: final acceptance is controlled by the ordered product specification, condition, dimensions and certified test results.

02

How the material system works

01

Alloying and processing trade conductivity against strength, wear, corrosion or softening resistance.

02

Temper or heat treatment sets final strength, formability and conductivity.

03

Environment, joining and galvanic contact can dominate service performance.

03

Representative grades and systems

Grade or systemSelection focusQualification
C26000Cartridge brass for deep drawing, sheet and strip.Verify the ordered product specification, condition and dimensions before substitution.
C36000Free-cutting brass for high-rate machined parts; regulatory lead limits must be checked.Verify the ordered product specification, condition and dimensions before substitution.
C46400Naval brass for selected marine hardware and tube applications.Verify the ordered product specification, condition and dimensions before substitution.

04

Properties and trade-offs

01

Conductivity must be specified with test basis and temper where functional.

02

Strength and formability vary strongly with temper and product direction.

03

Corrosion suitability is system- and environment-specific.

05

Product forms and supply conditions

Sheet, plate, coil and stripTube, pipe, bar, rod, wire and profilesBusbar, forgings, castings and machined components

06

Applications and selection

Applications and selection

  • Connectors, terminals and formed hardware
  • Valves, fittings and machined components
  • Marine hardware, fasteners and decorative products

Properties and trade-offs

  • Define electrical/thermal, mechanical, corrosion, wear and regulatory priorities.
  • Select exact UNS alloy, wrought/cast form and temper.
  • Verify joining, plating, water chemistry and galvanic compatibility.

07

Fabrication, durability and inspection

01

Select forming, annealing, machining and joining practice for the exact alloy and temper.

02

Manage heat input and filler/flux choice to protect conductivity, strength and corrosion behavior.

03

Prevent contamination and verify post-process cleaning, pickling, passivation or plating compatibility.

08

Procurement checklist

  • Use the five-digit UNS designation plus wrought/cast product specification, temper and dimensions.
  • Specify conductivity, hardness, grain size, mechanical properties, surface and cleanliness where functional.
  • State joining, plating, potable-water, pressure, marine or regulatory requirements and certificate traceability.
Discuss a material requirement

09

Standards, sources and review