Technical guide · 2026-08-14

Commercially Pure Titanium

Commercially pure titanium Grades 1–4 are corrosion-led alpha materials whose oxygen content progressively raises strength while reducing ductility and formability, making grade and product specification inseparable.

01

Definition and boundary

Includes unalloyed titanium grades and palladium-modified variants only when explicitly specified; excludes Ti-6Al-4V and other intentionally strengthened alloy systems.

Reference information only: final acceptance is controlled by the ordered product specification, condition, dimensions and certified test results.

02

How the material system works

01

Stable alpha structure supports weldability and corrosion resistance.

02

Oxygen strengthens interstitially while reducing forming margin.

03

Surface contamination during heating can create brittle alpha case.

03

Representative grades and systems

Grade or systemSelection focusQualification
Grade 1 / UNS R50250Lowest-strength, highest-formability CP grade.Confirm the governing product specification, delivery condition, section size and acceptance tests before treating designations as interchangeable.
Grade 2 / UNS R50400Common corrosion-service balance.Confirm the governing product specification, delivery condition, section size and acceptance tests before treating designations as interchangeable.
Grade 4 / UNS R50700Higher-strength CP grade with lower ductility.Confirm the governing product specification, delivery condition, section size and acceptance tests before treating designations as interchangeable.

04

Properties and trade-offs

01

Aqueous corrosion resistance

02

Cold formability by grade

03

Welded-condition performance

05

Product forms and supply conditions

Sheet, plate or stripBar, billet or forgingTube, pipe or machined component

06

Applications and selection

Applications and selection

  • Heat exchangers
  • Chemical vessels
  • Marine piping and anodes

Properties and trade-offs

  • Choose oxygen-strength level around forming severity.
  • Add Pd-bearing grade only for demonstrated corrosion need.
  • Check hydrogen pickup and crevice conditions.

07

Fabrication, durability and inspection

01

Use clean dedicated tooling.

02

Shield welds until below oxidation-sensitive temperature.

03

Remove alpha case after hot processing when required.

08

Procurement checklist

  • Report O, N, H, Fe and residual chemistry.
  • State annealed condition and bend/form requirements.
  • Define surface finish, weld qualification and corrosion test if needed.
Discuss a material requirement

09

Standards, sources and review

Standards and designation context

  • Applicable ASTM B10 titanium product specification
  • Buyer drawing and approved material condition
  • Qualified inspection and certification plan

Authoritative research sources